Web accessibility means making the site usable by as many people as possible, including those with disabilities. The reference standard is WCAG 2.1 from W3C, organized around four principles: perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust (POUR). Level AA is the common benchmark referenced in many laws.

A few habits cover most practical cases: alt text that describes meaningful images, sufficient colour contrast (a ratio of 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text and interface components), real headings that form a structure, links that state their destination, form fields with visible labels and clear error messages, and the ability to navigate by keyboard. Widely cited estimates suggest about one in five people interacts with some form of impairment.

Improving accessibility usually helps everyone; better contrast aids reading in sunlight, and keyboard navigation works on TV browsers. Tools like WAVE, axe, and Lighthouse reveal common issues, but manual checking is needed because automated tools miss things.

Start with small fixes in your site templates so every later page inherits them.

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